The Basic Checklist for a Solar Setup
Thinking about building your own solar power setup? Whether you’re looking to power a small off-grid cabin, a backup system for your home, or just want to save on electric bills, setting up a DIY solar system is more doable than ever.
In this guide, I’ll walk you through every component you’ll need to get your solar system up and running. From panels to inverters, we’ll cover it all — no fluff, just the real gear you’ll need.
🔋 Why Build Your Own Solar System?
Going the DIY route can save you thousands in installation costs and give you complete control over your energy setup. Plus, you’ll understand how your system works — which is crucial if you ever need to troubleshoot or expand it later.
🧰 The Complete DIY Solar System Component Checklist
Here’s what you’ll need:
1. Solar Panels (PV Modules)
These are the main power generators. Solar panels convert sunlight into DC electricity.
- How many? Depends on your power needs. A typical panel is 300–450 watts.
- Tip: Start with a 3kW–5kW array for small to medium systems.
2. Charge Controller (if using a battery-based system without a hybrid inverter)
Regulates the voltage and current from the panels to protect your battery bank.
- Two types: MPPT (more efficient), PWM (cheaper, for small systems)
3. Inverter
Converts the DC power from your panels or batteries into AC power that your home or appliances can use.
- Types: Grid-tied (no batteries), Off-grid (battery-based), Hybrid (can do both)
4. Battery Bank (for off-grid or hybrid systems)
Stores energy for use when the sun isn’t shining.
- Types of batteries: LiFePO₄ (longer life, safer), AGM or Lead Acid (cheaper, heavier)
- Voltage: Match your inverter (12V, 24V, or 48V systems)
5. Mounting System
You’ll need racking or brackets to securely install the panels on a roof, ground, or pole.
- Tip: Ensure proper tilt angle and direction (south-facing in the Northern Hemisphere).
6. Wiring & Fuses
Wiring is critical for safety and performance. You’ll need:
- PV wire (typically 10 AWG)
- MC4 connectors
- Breakers or fuses
- Grounding wires
- Conduit for running wires safely
7. Combiner Box (optional, but useful for larger arrays)
Combines multiple panel strings into one output for easier wiring and protection.
8. Monitoring System
Lets you track energy production, usage, and battery health.
- Some inverters include monitoring via app or display screen.
⚙️ Bonus Tools & Supplies
- Multimeter (for testing voltage and continuity)
- Cable crimper and wire stripper
- Zip ties and conduit clamps
- Torque wrench (for mounting panels safely)
🛠 Example: A Simple 3kW DIY Solar Setup
Let’s say you want to build a small off-grid or backup system. Here’s what it might include:
- 8× 400W solar panels
- 1× MPPT charge controller (if not using hybrid inverter)
- 1× 48V inverter (like the EG4 3000W or 6000XP)
- 1× 10–15kWh LiFePO₄ battery
- Mounting rack for ground or roof
- 200 ft of PV wire + MC4 connectors
- Breakers, fuses, and disconnects
- Optional: Combiner box and WiFi monitoring
⚡ Final Thoughts
Setting up your own solar power system may seem complex at first, but once you understand each component and how they work together, it’s much more approachable — even for beginners.
By following this checklist, you can design and build a system that fits your exact needs, budget, and goals.
Got questions or want help designing your system?
Drop a comment or check out our upcoming guides where we break down wiring diagrams, inverter setup, battery choices, and more.
